COURSEWORK

maitri's IOT-001 course work. Lv 1

maitri kulkarni

AUTHOR

ACTIVE

This Report is yet to be approved by a Coordinator.

Level 0

16 / 3 / 2026

TASK 1: 3D Printing:

Objective:

To understand the working of 3d printing,the types of 3d printers and their parts, types of filaments.To learn the procedure of slicing an stl file and printing it.

learnings:

Parts of 3d printers:

Gantry: a gantry is a mechanical frame or suppport strucutre that moves the build plate or print head in the x,y and z axes.
Build Plate: The print bed is the flat surface where the object is printed. It may be heated to help the plastic stick to the surface and prevent warping. The object builds layer by layer on this platform.
Filament: The filament is the plastic material used for printing. Common materials include:
- PLA (Polylactic Acid) – easy to print
- ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) – stronger and heat resistant
- PETG – strong and flexible

Most commonly used filament is pla

Extruder: he extruder feeds the printing material (filament) into the hot end. It consists of a motor,gear mechanism,filament feeder. It pushes the filament at a controlled speed during printing.
Nozzle: nozzle is the small metal tip at the end of the hot end through which molten filament is extruded onto the build plate

Types of 3d printers:

a. FDM(Fused deposition modelling): uses plastic as a filament like pla pr petg. Filament is melted and is deposited layer by layer.

b. SLA(stereolithography): uses resin liquid and uv laser hardens resin layer by layer.

c. DLP(digital light processing):same as SLA but uses projected light instead of uv laser to harden the resin.

d.Binder jetting: a liquid binding agent is selectively deposited to join layers of powdered material and form a solid object.
How to 3-D print a model?: The 3d model is designed using different CAD software such as Tinkercad,Fusion 360 etc. the 3d model is generated in the form of an stl file. This stl file is sliced. The 3d model is divided into hundreds or thousands of thin horizontal layers using slicer software like Ultimaker Cura,PrusaSlicer. These softwares generate a gcode after slicing. The gcode contains the details like the bed temperature, print speed,layer height, nozzle temperature etc.

Infill Density: Determines how solid the print will be inside. Standard values: 10–20% for most models, but higher for stronger parts.

types of infill patterns: grid pattern, honeycomb , gyroid, lines, cubic etc.

reference: 3d printing

Task 2: API

Application Programming Interface (API)

Introduction

An Application Programming Interface (API) is a way for different software programs to communicate with each other. It defines a set of rules that allow one application to request data or services from another application. APIs are widely used in modern software systems because they make it easier for programs to share information and work together.

How an API Works

APIs usually follow a request–response model. A program sends a request to the API asking for certain data or an action. The API processes the request and sends back a response.

For example, when a weather application shows the temperature of a city, it often gets that information from a weather service API instead of measuring it itself.

Types of APIs

1. Open APIs

Open APIs, also called public APIs, are available for developers and can be accessed with minimal restrictions.

2. Internal APIs

Internal APIs are used within an organization to allow communication between different internal systems.

3. Partner APIs

Partner APIs are shared with specific business partners and usually require authentication to access.

4. Composite APIs

Composite APIs combine multiple API requests into a single call, helping applications get data from several sources efficiently.

Advantages of APIs

They allow different applications to communicate easily.
Developers can reuse existing services instead of building everything from scratch.
APIs help speed up development.
They allow applications to connect with external services like payment gateways or maps.

open weather API app

reference: api

Task 3: Working with Github

task 3

Task 7:Create a Portfolio Webpage

task 7

Task 8: Writing Resource Article using Markdown

learnt how to write a report using markdown language on vs code. learnt how to write headings, different text formats like bold,italics , cutoff etc. learnt how to add an image and url in markdown. report:

report using markdown

Task 9:Tinkercad

objective:

To simulate a simple circuit using an ultrasonic sensor to estimate the distance between an obstacle and the sensor. Display the results on the serial monitor.

Learnt how to simulate working of simple circuits

circuit to determine distance between obstacle and sensor using ultrasonic sensor

Learnt the working of ultrasonic sensors

Ultrasonic sensors:

An ultrasonic sensor is a device used to measure the distance of an object by using high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound). These waves have frequencies above 20 kHz, which humans cannot hear.

Components of an Ultrasonic Sensor:

Transmitter (Ultrasonic Transducer):

Converts electrical energy into ultrasonic sound waves.
Sends the sound waves toward the object.

Receiver:

Receives the echoed sound waves reflected back from the object.
Converts the sound waves back into electrical signals.

Control Circuit:

Generates the trigger signal to start the transmission.
Processes the received echo signal.
Calculates the time taken for the sound wave to return.

Microcontroller / Processing Unit

Used in many systems to calculate the distance based on the time of flight.

Examples: microcontrollers like Arduino or ESP32.

Power Supply

Provides electrical power for the sensor and circuit.

Creating a radar system using uktrasonic sensor and servo motors:

radar system

Task 10:Speed Control of DC Motor

Objective

To explore basic techniques for controlling DC motors and understand how to control a DC motor using the L298N motor driver and Arduino UNO. The task involves controlling the speed of a 5V BO motor using PWM and simulating the circuit before performing it practically.