29 / 3 / 2025

LEVEL 3 TASKS

🚀 TASK 1 : SPEED CONTROL OF BLDC MOTOR

📌Components required :

1. BLDC motor
2. Arduino UNO
3. Potentiometer
4. VRPS
5. Electronic speed controller (ESC 30A)
6. Bread board and few jumper wires

⚙️WORKING PRINCIPLE OF BLDC MOTOR

A Brushless DC (BLDC) motor works on the principle of electromagnetic induction, using a controller to switch the flow of current to the motor windings.

🔹 Key Components Inside a BLDC Motor:

1. Stator – Stationary part containing the windings.
2. Rotor – Rotating part equipped with permanent magnets.
3. Controller – The electronic circuit that controls current switching.

🔹Applications of BLDC Motor :

1. Electric Vehicles: BLDC motors are used in many electric vehicles.
2. Industrial Automation: Used in robotics, CNC machines, and other industrial applications.
3. Aerospace: Used in aircraft and spacecraft due to their high reliability and efficiency.

📷 BLDC Motor Setup :

1.Here,potentiometer adjusts the speed of the BLDC motor.

2.BLDC motor is connected to Arduino UNO via Electronic switch controller (ESC 30A) for smooth operation.

🔹Applications of ESC(30A)

1. High current handling (up to 30A)
2. Smooth acceleration & deceleration
3. Efficient power management
4. Compact design

🔄 TASK 2 : SPI COMMUNICATION

📌Components Required :

1. Arduino UNO
2. Bread board
3. Jumper wires

💡Key Takeaways

🔹SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is a fast and synchronous communication protocol used for short-distance data transfer between microcontrollers and peripheral devices like sensors, SD cards, displays, and motor controllers.

🔹Arduino supports SPI communication using the SPI library.

🛠SPI uses four main signals:

1. MOSI (Master Out Slave In) → Data sent from the master to the slave.
2. MISO (Master In Slave Out) → Data sent from the slave to the master.
3. SCK (Serial Clock) → Clock signal generated by the master.
4. SS (Slave Select) → Selects the slave device (active LOW).

📷 SPI Communication Setup:

🔬 Understood how SPI communication works using Arduino

🔗TASK 3 : I2C PROTOCOL

📌Components Required :

1. Arduino UNO
2. Bread board
3. Jumper wires

💡Key Takeaways

🔹I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) is a two-wire communication protocol used to connect multiple devices like sensors, displays, EEPROMs, and RTC modules with minimal wiring.

🔹I2C uses only two lines for communication:

1. SDA (Serial Data Line) → Transmits data between devices.
2. SCL (Serial Clock Line) → Provides the clock signal from the master.

🔹I2C supports multiple masters and multiple slaves on the same bus, using unique 7-bit or 10-bit addresses to identify devices.

📷 I2C Communication Setup:

🔬 Understood how I2C communication works using Arduino Uno

🔋TASK 4&5 : LITHIUM-ION BATTERY PACK AND BMS

🔹 Connected three lithium ion cells (each 3.7volts 2000mAH) in series combination to increase voltage and in parallel combination to increase current, connecting cells in series& parallel combination improves overall capacity and efficiency of battery.

⚡IMPORTANCE OF BMS

🔹BMS stands for Battery Management System

1. Protection Against Overcharging & Over-Discharging
2. Cell Balancing for Longer Battery Life
3. Overcurrent and Short-Circuit Protection
4. Temperature Monitoring and Thermal Management

⚡Applications of BMS

1. Electric Vehicles (EVs) & E-Bikes → Protects high-voltage battery packs.
2. Renewable Energy Storage → Ensures long life in solar & wind storage systems.
3. Drones & Robotics → Prevents damage from rapid charge/discharge cycles.
4. Medical Devices → Critical for backup power safety in hospitals.

🔋Battery Pack :

🚗TASK 6 - BUILD CHASIS

🔹Designed an RC car chassis using TINKERCAD software

MARVEL ELECTRIC 🚙

⚙️Task 7 - WORKING WITH MULTIPLE SENSORS

🚗OBJECT AVOIDING VEHICLE

📌Components Required :

1. RC Car Chassis
2. Arduino UNO
3. L298N Motor driver
4. Ultra sonic sensor
5. DC Motors (4 no's)
6. Jumper wires
7. Bread board

💡APPROACH

🔹Attached four DC Motors to chassis, and connected motors to Arduino via L298N motor drivers for smooth operation and control.

🔹Attached a servo motor to chassis and connected it to Arduino directly to control servo motor using PWM (pulse width modulation).

🔹Configured ultrasonic sensor to Arduino to detect objects.

🔹Connected my lithium battery to motor drivers ensuring that all ground connections are connected to common ground (to complete circuit).

🔹programmed Arduino to receive signals from ultrasonic sensors and control dc motors (fully automatic)

🚗 PROTOTYPE