Suhani's CL-CY Level 1 MARVEL report

2 / 1 / 2025

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Suhani's CL-CY Level 1 MARVEL report

LEVEL 1

Task 1: 3D Printing

I learned to use Ultimaker Cura to prepare a 3D model for printing. I imported the model and adjust settings such as layer height, printing speed, infill density, and support structures. After slicing the model, I saved the G-code to an SD card, leveled the print bed, and started the print. This experience improved my understanding of how different settings impact print quality.

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Task 2: API

I have acquired the skills to work with APIs, and utilizing a currency converter API, I developed a currency converter application. This tool can convert currencies from nearly any country and effectively retrieves the corresponding converted values. I look forward to further discussing how this application can be of value. Github link-Currency Coverter

Task 3: Working with GitHub

I have familiarized myself with GitHub-integrated workflows, issues, push, forking, and pull requests through this task. I have also performed the necessary tasks in the link below. Github-Link

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Task 4 : Get familiar with the command line on Ubuntu and do the following subtasks:

I recently explored Ubuntu, an open-source operating system that is widely used for its user-friendly interface and versatility. Through my experience, I learned about several basic commands essential for navigating and using the system effectively.

During my exploration, I created 2,600 folders for organizing my files efficiently. Additionally, I practiced concatenating two text files, which allowed me to combine their contents into a single file.

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Task 5 : Kaggle Contest

I created a Kaggle account and participated in the Titanic ML competition, which was a great introduction to machine learning. After exploring the platform, I downloaded the dataset and analyzed the passenger information. Submitting my results was rewarding, and overall, it significantly enhanced my understanding of Kaggle and machine learning! Kaggle contest-Link

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Task 6 : Working with Pandas and Matplotlib

I used the Titanic dataset from Kaggle to create visualizations of passenger survival rates. I created a line graph to show the number of survivors by age, a bar graph to display the number of survivors by passenger class, and a scatter plot to illustrate the relationship between age and fare, with colors indicating survival status. These visualizations help highlight patterns and factors related to survival in the Titanic tragedy.

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Task 7 : Create a Portfolio Webpage

I built a website using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to showcase my portfolio. I have also pushed it to my GitHub repository. My Portfolio

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Task 8 : Writing Resource Article using Markdown

I have written a resource article on the Rise of low code.No code platforms in Software development. Here is the Link

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Task 9 : Tinkercad

I have completed the task by creating a Tinkercad account and familiarizing myself with the application. I explored the example circuits and successfully simulated a simple circuit using an ultrasonic sensor to measure the distance to an obstacle, displaying the results on the serial monitor.

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Task 10 : Speed Control of DC Motor

I learned the basics of the L298 Motor Driver, including its ports and connections. I explored how to use Arduino to control the speed of a DC motor by making the right connections with the driver.

I set up a circuit connecting the motor driver to the Arduino and the motor, using PWM signals to adjust the speed and toggle control pins for direction. This hands-on experience deepened my understanding of motor control and the Arduino interface.

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Task 11 : LED Toggle Using ESP32

I have completed the task of learning how an ESP32 works and have successfully created a standalone web server using it. I set up the webserver to control an LED connected to one of the GPIOs on the ESP32.

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Task 12 : Soldering Prerequisites

I completed the task of learning about the soldering equipment available in our lab, including the solder, soldering iron, soldering wick, and flux. I familiarized myself with how each tool is used and then practiced basic soldering on a board, specifically by assembling an LED circuit.

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Task 13 : 555 Astable Multivibrator

I have completed the task of designing a 555 astable multivibrator with a duty cycle of 59.26%. I assembled the circuit on a breadboard and tested it out. After hooking it up, I used the probes to observe the output on the digital storage oscilloscope (DSO). The waveform matched the expected results, confirming the duty cycle is around 60%.

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Task 14 : Karnaugh Maps and Deriving the logic circuit

I have completed the task on the burglar alarm system based on the given conditions. I analyzed the four cases related to the door lock/open and key pressed/not pressed and constructed the Karnaugh map accordingly. This helped simplify the logic expressions needed for the alarm system. I used basic logic gates to implement the circuit, ensuring that the buzzer or LED activates under the specified conditions.

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Task 15 : Active Participation

I participated in the BitNBuild hackathon which was conducted in our college.

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Task 16 : Datasheets report writing

The L293D motor driver IC is a versatile device used for controlling DC and stepper motors in various applications, including robotic platforms and automation systems.

Overview of L293D Motor Driver IC

The L293D is a dual-channel H-Bridge motor driver capable of driving two DC motors or one stepper motor, making it suitable for robotic applications that require independent control of motor direction and speed. It operates within a voltage range of 4.5V to 36V and can deliver a maximum output current of 600mA per channel, with a peak current capacity of 1.2A. This range allows it to work effectively with a wide variety of motors found in many electronic projects.

H-Bridge Configuration

An H-bridge configuration allows the control of motor direction by reversing the polarity of the voltage applied to a motor. The L293D integrates two H-Bridge circuits, enabling it to control the direction of two motors simultaneously. By activating specific input pins, such as IN1 and IN2 for Motor A, the L293D can rotate the motor in either direction based on the logic levels applied. The H-Bridge consists of four switches arranged in a configuration that plays a crucial role in determining the motor's rotational direction.

PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)

PWM is a technique used to control the speed of DC motors by varying the average voltage supplied to the motor. By adjusting the duty cycle of the pulses sent to the motor, one can effectively change its speed without affecting its torque. The L293D allows PWM control through its enable pins (ENA and ENB), where a higher duty cycle results in higher average voltage and thus faster motor speeds. This capability makes the L293D an excellent choice for applications where precise speed control is necessary.

Pin Configuration and Functionality

The L293D features a total of 16 pins that connect it to the power supply, motors, and control circuitry. Key pins include:

Vcc1 (Pin 1): Connects to a 5V supply to power the internal logic circuitry.

Vs (Pin 8): Provides power to the motors, with a voltage range from 4.5V to 36V.

Output Pins (OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4): Connect to the motors, delivering the drive currents.

Direction Control Pins (IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4): Control the rotation direction by applying logic HIGH or LOW.

This configuration makes it straightforward to integrate L293D into an existing circuit by following typical connections outlined in motor control projects.

Applications

The L293D is widely used in the field of robotics and automation due to its ability to control both the speed and direction of motors. Typical applications include:

Robotic Platforms: For driving wheels and controlling mobile robots.

Automated Systems: To control actuators and relays in various automation tasks.

Educational Projects: As a beginner-friendly device to learn about motor control in electronics.

​The L293D motor driver IC represents a practical choice for controlling inductive loads such as motors, providing flexibility, reliability, and simplicity in design for robotics and automation implementations.

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Task 17 : Introduction to VR

I had the opportunity to experience virtual reality (VR) at a Marvel lab, and it was an amazing experience. Not only did I enjoy it, but I also gained a deeper understanding of what virtual reality and augmented reality (AR) are. VR is entirely immersive and disconnects the user from the real world by creating a fully virtual environment. In contrast, augmented reality uses real-world settings, allowing users to see and interact with digital elements overlaid on their real surroundings. Additionally, AR can be accessed through a smartphone, while VR typically requires specific equipment. Watch the video(VR)

Research on Recent trends in Space and Technology

Satellite Constellations: Companies such as SpaceX are creating big groups of satellites in low orbits to offer fast internet access to people around the world. Space Traffic Management: As more satellites are launched, new technology is being developed to keep track of their movements and prevent crashes and space junk.

In-Space Manufacturing: Scientists are exploring ways to make things in space where there is low gravity. This could be useful for making medicine and advanced materials.

Advanced Propulsion Systems: New types of engines, like ion engines and nuclear thermal engines, are being developed to make space travel more efficient and allow for longer missions.

AI Integration: Artificial intelligence is being used for analyzing data, navigating spacecraft on its own, and making decisions during space missions.

3D Printing in Space: 3D printing technology is being used to create parts as needed in space, which can help reduce the amount of equipment that needs to be launched.

Indian Companies in Space

Some of the major companies contributing to Indian space are listed below:

1.Indian Space Research Organisation(ISRO) It is a state-owned company established in 1969.

Some major contributions of ISRO include:

-Lunar Exploartion: ISRO's Chandrayaan-1 mission in 2008 was India's first to the moon and discovered water molecules on the moon's surface. The Chandrayaan-2 mission in 2019 aimed to land a rover on the moon's south pole. The Chandrayaan-3 mission is currently underway to safely land and explore the lunar surface

-Mars Orbiter Mission

Also known as MOM, this mission in 2013 made India the first country to reach Mars on its first attempt.

Overall, ISRO plays a key role in exploring space and developing new technology for India.

2.Hindustan Aeronautics Limited(HAL)

It is a state owned company established in 1964. One of its key services is building transport aircraft, which are used to move people and cargo over long distances. HAL also manufactures advanced fighter aircraft, enhancing India’s defense capabilities with modern technology.

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Task 18 : Sad servers - "Like LeetCode for Linux"

I understood how to solve a mystery in the command line murder task. It was a brain-tickling mystery that helped me learn Linux more interestingly.

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Task 19 : Make a Web app

I learned how to use Express Framework in my backend projects and built a resource library using Express Framework and MongoDB. This app is built for practice purposes and is available publicly, where users can view all books, popular books, and recently added books, filter books by genre, and search books by title. Github -Link