COMMON TASK REPORT(G MANVITHA BATCH -3)

10 / 4 / 2023

TASK 1 :TO GET FAMILIAR WITH THE COMMAND LINE ON UBUNTU AND PERFORM THE SPECIFIED TASKS.DATE:5/04/2023## DESCRIPTION:\tUbuntu is a linux distribution based on Debian and composed mostly of free and open source software .Ubuntu is officially released in three editions: desktop ,;server and Core for internet of devices] and robots All of the editions can run on a computer alone,; or in a virtual machine.The following are the basic Ubuntu commands used to perform the given subtasks-- ls-(list) command lists all files and folders in your current working directory. You can also specify paths to other directories if you want to view their contents.- cd-change directory- pwd-print working directory- mkdir-make directory- cat-Concatenate files and print on the standard output. - Grep-Print lines of the input matching a specified pattern.- Echo- displaying a line of string/text that is passed as the arguments.### Subtasks-1. Create a folder named test.2. cd into that folder.3. Create a blank file without using any text editor.4. list the files in that folder5. create 2600 folders in this folder where each folder is named like . For example,; M90 or B56.6. concatenate two text files containing any random text and display them on the terminal.# TASK 2 : WRITING RESOURCE ARTICLE USING MARKDOWN.DATE: 7/04/2023## DESCRIPTION: Markdown is an easy-to-use markup language that is used with plain text to add formatting elements to plain text without use of a formal text editor or the use of HTML tags. Markdown is device agnostic and displays the writing format consistently across device types.The following are the tags that have been used in the resource article that I have posted on the marvel website-The resource article has been posted on the marvel website. (TOPIC-INTERNET)# TASK 3:TINKERCAD(Distance measurement using ultrasonic sensor and aurdino.)DATE:21/03/2023SLOT:9;00AM TO 10:00 AM## DESCRIPTION:The TINKERCAD circuits section is a simulator for an electronics circuit with a Aurdino Uno or a micro bit board or a AT tiny chip in the browser .An ultrasonic sensor is a device used to measure the distance between the sensor and the object without contact.This device works based on time-to-distance conversion.Ultrasonic sensors measure distance by sending and receiving the ultrasonic wave.The ultrasonic sensor has a sender to emit the ultrasonic waves and a receiver to receive the ultrasonic waves.The transmitted ultrasonic wave travels through the air and gets reflected by hitting the object.Aurdino calculates the time taken by the ultrasonic pulse wave to reach the receiver from the sender. Ultrasonic distance measurement on LCD displays:Ultrasonic distance measurement circuit(display on serial monitor):<iframe height=""315""># TASK 4: DC motor speed control using a microcontrollerDATE: 14/3/2023SLOT: 9:00 to 10:00 AM# TASK 4: DC motor speed control using a microcontroller## DESCRIPTIONDC motors can be controlled using Aurdino. The speed of the DC motor is controlled by controlling the input voltage to the motor. This is done by using a PWM signal.Pulse-width modulation is a method of controlling the average power delivered by an electric signal .It is a technique which allows the adjustment of the average value of the voltage that is going to the electronic device by turning on and off the power at a very fast rate.The rotation direction can be controlled by inversing the direction of current flow.This is done using an H-bridge.S he PWM and H-bridge are the 2 methods used to get a complete control over the DC motor.The L298N is the motor driver used.The speed of the motor is controlled using a potentiometer and rotation direction is changed using a push button.<iframe height=""315""># TASK 5:LED Toggle using ESP32DATE:28/03/2023SLOT:9:00AM – 10:00 AM# TASK 5:LED Toggle using ESP32## DESCRIPTION:The task is to create a standalone web server with an ESP32 to control the LED connected with ESP32 GPIOs.ESP32 DEVKIT DOIT board with 38 pins has been used.The circuit consists of 2 LEDs connected to the ESP32 .One LED is connected to GPIO26 and the other one is connected to GPIO27.# TASK 6: SOLDERING AN LED ONTO A PERF BOARDDATE: 23/03/2023SLOT: 12:00 PM TO 1:00 PM## DESCRIPTION:Soldering is the process of joining two or more electronic parts together by melting solder around the connection. Solder is a metal alloy and when it cools it creates a strong electrical bond between the parts. Even though soldering can create a permanent connection,; it can also be reversed using a de-soldering tool as described below.The soldering tools are:•\tSoldering iron•\tSoldering station •\tSponge•\tSoldering iron stand•\tSolder•\tHelping hand(third hand)### PROCEDURE FOLLOWED :The component (here LED) was mounted onto the perf board by inserting the leads of the LED into the holes of the circuit board and the leads were bent at an angle of 45degrees.Then the joint was heated .For this the tip of the iron was touched to the copper pad and LED lead at the same time and after this the flux and solder were applied to the joint.A proper solder joint is smooth,; shiny and looks like a volcano or cone shape.### DESOLDERING:The solder can be removed by de-soldering .For this a solder wick which is also called as de-soldering braid is used .A piece of this wick is placed on top of the solder to be removed .The soldering iron is to be heated and the tip is to be touched to the top of the braid.This will heat the solder below which will then be absorbed into the de-soldering braid.The soldering task done-# TASK 7: DESIGN A 555 ASTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR WITH DUTY CYCLE 60%.DATE: 5/04/2023## DESCRIPTION: The 555 Oscillator is a type of relaxation oscillator for generating stabilized square wave output waveforms of either a fixed frequency of up to 500kHz or of varying duty cycles from 50 to 100%. The circuit is shown below. The re-triggering is basically achieved by connecting the trigger input (pin 2) and the threshold input (pin 6) together. During each cycle capacitor,; C charges up through both timing resistors,; R1 and R2 but discharges itself only through resistor,; R2 as the other side of R2 is connected to the discharge terminal,; pin 7. Then the capacitor charges up to 2/3Vcc (the upper comparator limit) which is determined by the 0.693(R1+R2)C combination and discharges itself down to 1/3Vcc (the lower comparator limit) determined by the 0.693(R2*C) combination. This results in an output waveform whose voltage level is approximately equal to Vcc – 1.5V and whose output “ON” and “OFF” time periods are determined by the capacitor and resistors combinations. >Here R1=1k oh 2=2k oh =10 micro faradsT1=0.693(R1+R2)C=0.693(3 x 10^-3)(10x 10^-6)=21msT2=0.693(R2)C=0.693(2 X 10^-3)(10 x 10^-6)=14msT=T1+T2=21ms+14ms=35msFrequency =1/T =1/35ms = 28.6HzDuty cycle=T1/(T1+T2) =(R1+R2)/(R1+2R2) % =(1+2)/(1+4) =3/5 =0.6 =60%# TASK 8: KARNAUGH MAPS AND DERIVING THE LOGIC CIRCUITS.DATE: 23/03/2023SLOT: 12:00 PM TO 1:00PM## DESCRIPTION:Designing a burglar alarm system for 4 cases ,;based on door lock/open and key pressed/not pressed . The owner has the access to the key and when the key is pressed the door opens. Assuming that the key is available only to the owner,; the 4 cases are-- CASE 1- KEY NOT PRESSE OOR NOT OPEN– NO BURGLAR- CASE 2- KEY NOT PRESSE OOR OPEN – BURGLAR ENTERED (THE BUZZER WILL RING AND LED WILL GLOW)- CASE 3- KEY PRESSED,; DOOR NOT OPEN – NO BURGLAR (A CASE OF SYSTEM FAILURE)- CASE 4- KEY PRESSED,; DOOR OPEN- NO BURGLARBASED ON THESE 4 CASES THE TRUTH TABLE ,; K-MAP AND LOGIC CIRCUIT ARE DETERMINED:LINK FOR TINKERCAD SIMULATION: https://www.tinkercad.com/things/gSqypPhFTj4?sharecode=tuGablpUog0-PbN6zEBxpd_RkzwDK3IJKmuSFrzLbfA### DESCRIPTION OF THE CIRCUIT:The key and door can be operated using push buttons .The logic circuit is implemented using the IC 7404(hex converter /NOT gate) and IC 7408(AND gate).The buzzer and LED are connected in such a way that they ring and glow respectively only when the output of the logic circuit is A’B (that i hen the key is not pressed but the door is open). A 5V supply is given to the circuit.# TASK 9: TO TAKE PART IN ANY TECHNICAL EVENT ,;INTER OR INTRA COLLEGE AND TO SUBMIT THE ISSUED CERTIFICATE OF PARTICIPATION.## DESCRIPTION :I participated in the poster presentation competition during the fest KAGADA 2022 conducted at UVCE .Certificate of participation: "