Smart Helmet:

The Smart Helmet is a IoT-based prototype, which is designed to protect rider safety. It is built using basic sensors and simple technology, it detects whether a rider wears a helmet, the alertness/drowsiness level of a rider, and alcohol intake. Alerts are sent through a buzzer so that the rider stays safe and attentive on the road.

Introduction

Safety on roads concerning riders is of utmost importance, and accidents generally occur because of riders' negligence, fatigue, or consumption of alcohol. Not wearing a helmet can cost lives. Hence, using a smart helmet equipped with sensors and wireless communication makes monitoring a rider's condition possible. By providing real-time alerts, the helmet encourages safer riding habits without complicating the riding experience.

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Objective

The main purpose of the Smart Helmet is to enhance the safety of riders by:

- Reminding riders to put on their helmets.

- Drowsiness and alcohol consumption detection(Hence making sure that riders won't drive under alcohol influence)

- Alerting riders via a buzzer in case of unsafe riding conditions.

Key Features

1. Wear Detection – It detects whether or not the rider is wearing the helmet. If not, the buzzer alerts the rider until the helmet is worn.

2. Alcohol Detection: This feature checks whether the rider is under the influence of alcohol and is followed by a buzzer that warns the rider when the alcohol is detected.

3. Drowsiness Detection: It detects signs of fatigue or sleepiness and alerts the rider to stay awake through a buzzer.

4. Wireless Communication: This uses RF technology for wireless data transmission between the helmet and the bike, and displaying the alert messages on an LCD.

5. Safety Reminders – Ensures riders are aware of unsafe conditions and encourages safe riding practices.

Design & Workflow

The Smart Helmet system is built using two Arduino boards, an RF transmitter and receiver module, three IR sensors, one MQ-3 alcohol sensor, and buzzers.The sensors and the RF transmitter will go into the helmet, whereas the RF receiver will sit on the bike and will be connected to a buzzer and LCD display.

The workflow of the Smart Helmet is as follows:

1. Condition Detection:

- Wear Detection: If the rider tries to start the bike without wearing the helmet, the IR sensor detects it and activates the buzzer.

- Alcohol Detection: The MQ-3 sensor monitors the alcohol level, in case of intoxication, the rider gets an alert via the buzzer.

- Drowsiness Detection: IR sensor detects symptoms of fatigue or sleepiness and triggers the buzzer.

2. Wireless Communication:

- The Arduino in the helmet processes the sensor data and sends the status wirelessly through the RF transmitter.

- The RF receiver on the bike receives the signals and shows the helmet's status on the LCD.

3. Alert Mechanism:

- When any unsafe condition is detected, such as the helmet not worn, intoxication, or drowsiness, the buzzer continuously beeps to alert the rider.

The buzzer will stop only when the unsafe condition is resolved.

- This design will ensure that the prototype is practical, wireless, and user-friendly, actively reminding riders to follow safe riding practices.

Conclusion :

The Smart Helmet is a simple yet effective solution to enhance the safety of riders on the road. By constantly monitoring key conditions of the riders,the system checks if the rider is wearing a helmet, has consumed alcohol, or is feeling drowsy, and then takes the needed steps to prevent unsafe riding.

This project demonstrates how IoT and basic sensor technology could be integrated into everyday safety equipment to avoid accidents and save lives. The prototype is practical, wireless, and user-friendly, thus providing a good basis for future improvements, like integration with mobile apps, GPS tracking, or AI-based hazard detection.