COURSEWORK

Chethan's D-P-001 course work. Lv 1

Chethan N

AUTHOR

ACTIVE

This Report is yet to be approved by a Coordinator.

25 / 3 / 2024

Isometric And Orthographic Projections

Objective:- Through this module we learnt the basics required for analysing any machine part provided in its various projections.

I. Isometric Projections-In isometric projections of a machine part, some common objectives that are typically covered include:

Showing the three-dimensional shape of the part accurately.
Displaying all three dimensions (length, width, height) of the part in a single view.
Providing a clear visualization of the part's features, such as holes, edges, and angles.
Allowing for easier understanding of how different components fit together within the part.
Facilitating the communication of design concepts and specifications to others, such as manufacturers or engineers.

II. Orthographic Projections-Orthographic projections are essential for accurately representing the various sides and features of a machine part, ensuring that it can be manufactured and assembled correctly.

Showing multiple views (front, top, side) of the part to provide a comprehensive understanding of its shape and features.
Representing the part accurately and to scale in each view.
Providing detailed measurements and dimensions for manufacturing and assembly purposes.
Allowing for clear communication of design specifications and features to other team members or stakeholders.
Facilitating the creation of engineering drawings and blueprints for production.

Drive Link:- https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1gVrtkFxZZdbvtu0Kpt_77BsTiVTgB79F , https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1g_iAbGT6wJlYsJRb8ocSCxH1e3wpXAM4

2D Drawings in CAD

Objective:- Creating 2D drawings in Fusion 360 can be especially helpful in various ways:

Understanding Design Principles: By creating 2D drawing e can better understand fundamental design principles, such as dimensioning, annotations, and technical drawing standards.
Hands-On Experience: We gain hands-on experience in translating their 3D designs into 2D representations, which is a valuable skill in fields like engineering and product design.
Visualization: 2D drawings help us visualize designs from different perspectives, improving their spatial awareness and ability to communicate complex ideas effectively.
Technical Skills: Working with 2D drawings in Fusion 360 enhances \ technical skills, such as precision, accuracy, and attention to detail, which are essential for success in design and engineering fields.
Preparation for Industry: Proficiency in creating 2D drawings using Fusion 360 prepares ius for the demands of the industry, where technical drawing skills are often required for design projects and collaboration with professionals.

Overall, learning to create 2D drawings in Fusion 360 equips with practical skills, enhances their understanding of design concepts, and prepares for future careers in design and engineering.

Links Containing the Design:https://a360.co/4azYgFh https://a360.co/4aDlDht https://a360.co/43CkmF3 https://a360.co/3TCavuh https://a360.co/3xp3y8e

Sierpinski Triangle of Level 02

Objective:- To create a Sierpinski Triangle of Level 2 with proper dimensions

A Sierpinski triangle, named after the Polish mathematician Wacław Sierpiński, is a fractal shape that is self-similar and is constructed through an iterative process. Each iteration involves subdividing equilateral triangles into smaller triangles and removing the central triangle. Here's how you can construct a Sierpinski triangle of level 2:

Sierpenski Triangle of Level 02

Start with a large equilateral triangle.
Divide the large equilateral triangle into four smaller congruent equilateral triangles by connecting the midpoints of its three sides.
Remove the central triangle.
You're left with three equilateral triangles arranged in the shape of a larger equilateral triangle. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for each of these smaller triangles.

By completing these steps, you'll create a Sierpinski triangle of level 2. It's worth noting that each iteration increases the complexity of the fractal, and as the level increases, the triangle becomes more intricate and detailed.

Creating Allen Key

Objective:-To create an ALlen Key with required Dimensions.

Here's a basic outline of the process:

Sketch the Profile:

Open Fusion 360 and create a new design.
Enter the Sketch environment by clicking on the \Create Sketch" button and selecting the plane you want to sketch on (e.g., XY plane).
Use the sketch tools to draw the profile of the Allen key. Typically, this will involve drawing a hexagon shape with the appropriate dimensions.

Extrude the Profile:

Exit the Sketch environment and return to the main workspace.
Select the profile you just sketched.
Click on the "Create" dropdown menu and choose "Extrude."
Enter the desired extrusion distance to give the Allen key thickness.

Finalize and Export:

Review your design to ensure everything looks correct.
Once satisfied, you can save your design in Fusion 360's native format or export it to various file formats for 3D printing or other purposes.

Design Link: https://a360.co/4cvkjPg

3D Designing

Objective:-Designing 3D machine parts in Fusion 360 involves several key objectives, each aimed at ensuring the functionality, manufacturability, and efficiency of the final product.

Functionality: Ensure that the designed part meets the functional requirements of the intended application. This involves understanding the purpose of the part within the larger system and designing it to perform its intended task effectively and reliably.
Accuracy and Precision: Design parts with accurate dimensions and precise tolerances to ensure proper fit and functionality when assembled with other components. Fusion 360 provides tools for precise modeling and dimensioning to achieve this objective.
Strength and Durability: Design parts with adequate strength and durability to withstand the anticipated mechanical stresses and environmental conditions during operation. This may involve optimizing the geometry of the part to distribute loads efficiently and selecting appropriate materials.
Manufacturability: Design parts with consideration for the manufacturing processes that will be used to produce them. Fusion 360 offers features for designing parts that are easily machinable, such as avoiding sharp corners or undercuts that may be challenging to machine.
Assembly and Interchangeability: Design parts with features that facilitate easy assembly and interchangeability with other components. This includes ensuring proper alignment and clearance between mating parts and designing standardized interfaces where applicable.
Aesthetics: While not always a primary objective, designing parts with attention to aesthetics can enhance the overall appeal of the product. Fusion 360 provides tools for creating visually appealing designs through surface finishes, textures, and visualizations.

Machine Part 01:-https://a360.co/49dGfLT Machine Part 02:-https://a360.co/3voWqZb Machine Part 03:-https://a360.co/4avpYTE

3D Modelling

Creating an Airfoil

Using the provided airfoil website, the following airfoil was chosen for this particular task and with the help of Sketch from File Extension available the downloaded file was fed to fusion 360n from where Airfoil Generator extension completed the generation of required airfoil.

Airfoil Generated: HT08

Design Link:https://a360.co/3voX7lf

Creating a Postbox:-

Sheetmetal with its barous functions made the design more faster and efficient in creating the post box with required dimensions.

The Present Design holds place for both multi-functionality and Easy Usage letting it to be more sleek in design and making people freaking mad for using it.
It also nests letters withnot more than 8 folds as the thickness of box resists with the thickness of paper.
Its Supported Base acts as both rest place and Support place if in case the mounting of post box is not possible in certain situations.

Design Link:https://a360.co/43BdJTv

3D Printing

Objective To learn all the aspects and conditions specified and required for a 3D Printing Machine and its associate parts.

Before working with a 3D printer, it's essential to understand several basic aspects and requirements to ensure successful printing and a positive experience. Here are some key points to consider:

1. Types of 3D Printers: Understand the different types of 3D printers available, such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), etc. Each type has its own advantages, limitations, and suitable applications.

2. Printer Specifications: Familiarize yourself with the specifications of the 3D printer you'll be using, including print volume (build area), layer resolution, filament type compatibility (for FDM printers), and maximum print speed.

3. Software: Learn how to use the software that controls the 3D printer, often referred to as slicing software. Popular options include Ultimaker Cura, Simplify3D, PrusaSlicer, and others. Understand how to import 3D models, adjust print settings (e.g., layer height, infill density), and generate G-code files for printing.

4. Safety Precautions: Be aware of safety considerations when operating a 3D printer. This includes understanding potential hazards such as hot surfaces, moving parts, and fumes emitted during printing. Ensure proper ventilation in the printing area and follow manufacturer recommendations for safe operation.

5. Materials: Understand the different types of filament (for FDM printers) or resin (for SLA printers) available for 3D printing and their properties. Common materials include PLA, ABS, PETG, TPU, and various specialty filaments. Know the appropriate settings and handling procedures for each material.

6. Troubleshooting: Familiarize yourself with common issues and troubleshooting techniques for 3D printing, such as adhesion problems, layer shifting, and filament jams. Knowing how to diagnose and resolve these issues will help you avoid wasted time and materials.

By considering these aspects and requirements before working with a 3D printer, you'll be better prepared to produce high-quality prints and troubleshoot any issues that may arise during the printing process.

Electronics

Objective:- To design circuits for Basic Gates(AN R) using an NPN Transistor.

Creating an AND gate using NPN transistors is a common application of transistor logic circuits. Here's a basic schematic and explanation of how you can implement an AND gate using NPN transistors:

Components Needed:

Two NPN transistors (e.g., 2N2222, BC547)
Resistors (for biasing)
Power supply (Vcc)
Input signals (A and B)

Output signal (Y)

     Vcc
     │
     │
    ┌┴┐
    │ │  R1 (Biasing Resistor)
    └┬┘
     │
     │
    ┌┴┐
A ──│T1│── Y
    └┬┘
     │
    ┌┴┐
B ──│T2│──
    └┬┘
     │
     │
    GND

Tinercad Link:https://www.tinkercad.com/things/2n3GSca4vfz-and-gate-using-npn-transistor

Operation:

When both input signals A and B are high (logical 1), both transistors T1 and T2 will be in the conducting state.
This allows current to flow through T1 and T2, pulling the output signal Y to ground (logical 0).
If either input A or B (or both) is low (logical 0), at least one of the transistors will be off, and the output signal Y will be pulled high (logical 1) through the collector resistor.

Creating an OR gate using NPN transistors involves combining the outputs of multiple transistors to produce an output signal that is high (logical 1) when any of the input signals are high. Here's a basic schematic and explanation of how you can implement an OR gate using NPN transistors:

Components Needed:

Two NPN transistors (e.g., 2N2222, BC547)
Resistors (for biasing)
Power supply (Vcc)
Input signals (A and B)

Output signal (Y)

    Vcc
     │
     │
    ┌┴┐
A ──│T1│──┐
    └┬┘   │
     │    │
     │    │
    ┌┴┐   │
B ──│T2│──┼── Y
    └┬┘   │
     │    │
    ┌┴┐   │
     │    │
    ─┴────┘
    GND

Tinkercad link:https://www.tinkercad.com/things/6MvGepisgRf-or-logic-gate-made-with-npn-transistors

Operation:

If either input signal A or B (or both) is high (logical 1), the corresponding transistor will conduct, allowing current to flow through it.
When current flows through any of the transistors, the output signal Y will be pulled low (logical 0).
If both input signals A and B are low (logical 0), neither transistor will conduct, and the output signal Y will be high (logical 1) through the pull-up resistor.

N- Channel Mosfet

Objective:- An N-channel MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) is a type of field-effect transistor where the conducting channel is formed by the flow of electrons (hence the term "N-channel") between the source and drain terminals.

Working:-

Operation:

When no voltage is applied to the gate terminal (Vgs = 0), the MOSFET is in the off state, and there is minimal current flow between the source and drain terminals.
When a positive voltage is applied to the gate terminal with respect to the source terminal (Vgs > Vth, where Vth is the threshold voltage), it creates an electric field that attracts electrons from the N-type substrate to form a conductive channel between the source and drain.
As the gate voltage increases beyond the threshold voltage, the channel conductivity increases, allowing more current to flow from the source to the drain.
The amount of current flowing through the channel (from source to drain) is controlled by the voltage applied to the gate terminal. Increasing the gate-source voltage (Vgs) increases the conductivity of the channel and hence the drain current (Id).
The MOSFET operates primarily in the saturation region, where the channel is fully formed and the drain current is relatively insensitive to changes in drain-to-source voltage (Vds).

Chethan's D-P-001 course work. Lv 1

Isometric And Orthographic Projections

Objective:- Through this module we learnt the basics required for analysing any machine part provided in its various projections.

I. Isometric Projections-In isometric projections of a machine part, some common objectives that are typically covered include:

Showing the three-dimensional shape of the part accurately.

Displaying all three dimensions (length, width, height) of the part in a single view.

Providing a clear visualization of the part's features, such as holes, edges, and angles.

Allowing for easier understanding of how different components fit together within the part.

Facilitating the communication of design concepts and specifications to others, such as manufacturers or engineers.

II. Orthographic Projections-Orthographic projections are essential for accurately representing the various sides and features of a machine part, ensuring that it can be manufactured and assembled correctly.

Showing multiple views (front, top, side) of the part to provide a comprehensive understanding of its shape and features.

Representing the part accurately and to scale in each view.

Providing detailed measurements and dimensions for manufacturing and assembly purposes.

Allowing for clear communication of design specifications and features to other team members or stakeholders.

Facilitating the creation of engineering drawings and blueprints for production.

Drive Link:- https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1gVrtkFxZZdbvtu0Kpt_77BsTiVTgB79F , https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1g_iAbGT6wJlYsJRb8ocSCxH1e3wpXAM4

2D Drawings in CAD

Objective:- Creating 2D drawings in Fusion 360 can be especially helpful in various ways:

Understanding Design Principles: By creating 2D drawing e can better understand fundamental design principles, such as dimensioning, annotations, and technical drawing standards.

Hands-On Experience: We gain hands-on experience in translating their 3D designs into 2D representations, which is a valuable skill in fields like engineering and product design.

Visualization: 2D drawings help us visualize designs from different perspectives, improving their spatial awareness and ability to communicate complex ideas effectively.

Technical Skills: Working with 2D drawings in Fusion 360 enhances \ technical skills, such as precision, accuracy, and attention to detail, which are essential for success in design and engineering fields.

Preparation for Industry: Proficiency in creating 2D drawings using Fusion 360 prepares ius for the demands of the industry, where technical drawing skills are often required for design projects and collaboration with professionals.

Overall, learning to create 2D drawings in Fusion 360 equips with practical skills, enhances their understanding of design concepts, and prepares for future careers in design and engineering.

Links Containing the Design:https://a360.co/4azYgFh https://a360.co/4aDlDht https://a360.co/43CkmF3 https://a360.co/3TCavuh https://a360.co/3xp3y8e

Sierpinski Triangle of Level 02

Objective:- To create a Sierpinski Triangle of Level 2 with proper dimensions

Start with a large equilateral triangle.

Divide the large equilateral triangle into four smaller congruent equilateral triangles by connecting the midpoints of its three sides.

Remove the central triangle.

You're left with three equilateral triangles arranged in the shape of a larger equilateral triangle. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for each of these smaller triangles.

By completing these steps, you'll create a Sierpinski triangle of level 2. It's worth noting that each iteration increases the complexity of the fractal, and as the level increases, the triangle becomes more intricate and detailed.

Creating Allen Key

Objective:-To create an ALlen Key with required Dimensions.

Here's a basic outline of the process:

Sketch the Profile:

Open Fusion 360 and create a new design.

Enter the Sketch environment by clicking on the \Create Sketch" button and selecting the plane you want to sketch on (e.g., XY plane).

Use the sketch tools to draw the profile of the Allen key. Typically, this will involve drawing a hexagon shape with the appropriate dimensions.

Extrude the Profile:

Exit the Sketch environment and return to the main workspace.

Select the profile you just sketched.

Click on the "Create" dropdown menu and choose "Extrude."

Enter the desired extrusion distance to give the Allen key thickness.

Finalize and Export:

Review your design to ensure everything looks correct.

Once satisfied, you can save your design in Fusion 360's native format or export it to various file formats for 3D printing or other purposes.

Design Link: https://a360.co/4cvkjPg

3D Designing

Objective:-Designing 3D machine parts in Fusion 360 involves several key objectives, each aimed at ensuring the functionality, manufacturability, and efficiency of the final product.

Functionality: Ensure that the designed part meets the functional requirements of the intended application. This involves understanding the purpose of the part within the larger system and designing it to perform its intended task effectively and reliably.

Accuracy and Precision: Design parts with accurate dimensions and precise tolerances to ensure proper fit and functionality when assembled with other components. Fusion 360 provides tools for precise modeling and dimensioning to achieve this objective.

Strength and Durability: Design parts with adequate strength and durability to withstand the anticipated mechanical stresses and environmental conditions during operation. This may involve optimizing the geometry of the part to distribute loads efficiently and selecting appropriate materials.

Manufacturability: Design parts with consideration for the manufacturing processes that will be used to produce them. Fusion 360 offers features for designing parts that are easily machinable, such as avoiding sharp corners or undercuts that may be challenging to machine.

Assembly and Interchangeability: Design parts with features that facilitate easy assembly and interchangeability with other components. This includes ensuring proper alignment and clearance between mating parts and designing standardized interfaces where applicable.

Aesthetics: While not always a primary objective, designing parts with attention to aesthetics can enhance the overall appeal of the product. Fusion 360 provides tools for creating visually appealing designs through surface finishes, textures, and visualizations.

3D Modelling

Creating an Airfoil

Using the provided airfoil website, the following airfoil was chosen for this particular task and with the help of Sketch from File Extension available the downloaded file was fed to fusion 360n from where Airfoil Generator extension completed the generation of required airfoil.

Airfoil Generated: HT08

Design Link:https://a360.co/3voX7lf

Creating a Postbox:-

The Present Design holds place for both multi-functionality and Easy Usage letting it to be more sleek in design and making people freaking mad for using it.

It also nests letters withnot more than 8 folds as the thickness of box resists with the thickness of paper.

Its Supported Base acts as both rest place and Support place if in case the mounting of post box is not possible in certain situations.

Design Link:https://a360.co/43BdJTv

3D Printing

Objective To learn all the aspects and conditions specified and required for a 3D Printing Machine and its associate parts.

Before working with a 3D printer, it's essential to understand several basic aspects and requirements to ensure successful printing and a positive experience. Here are some key points to consider:

1. Types of 3D Printers: Understand the different types of 3D printers available, such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), etc. Each type has its own advantages, limitations, and suitable applications.

2. Printer Specifications: Familiarize yourself with the specifications of the 3D printer you'll be using, including print volume (build area), layer resolution, filament type compatibility (for FDM printers), and maximum print speed.

6. Troubleshooting: Familiarize yourself with common issues and troubleshooting techniques for 3D printing, such as adhesion problems, layer shifting, and filament jams. Knowing how to diagnose and resolve these issues will help you avoid wasted time and materials.

By considering these aspects and requirements before working with a 3D printer, you'll be better prepared to produce high-quality prints and troubleshoot any issues that may arise during the printing process.

Electronics

Objective:- To design circuits for Basic Gates(AN R) using an NPN Transistor.

Creating an AND gate using NPN transistors is a common application of transistor logic circuits. Here's a basic schematic and explanation of how you can implement an AND gate using NPN transistors:

Components Needed:

Two NPN transistors (e.g., 2N2222, BC547)

Resistors (for biasing)

Power supply (Vcc)