GENERIC TASKS REPORT!!!

21 / 7 / 2024

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Task 1: 3D Printing

3D printing is a pathway to convert digital dreams into tangible reality!! In this task I learnt the basic process of printing a model. Firstly I chose the design I wanted to print from the Cult3d website. I here learnt majorly about slicing and STL file. Here the design is exported to the STL file format. Importance of bed temperature was understood further. Bed temperature is crucial in 3D printing because it directly affects the adhesion and stability of the first layers of the printed object.Finally I printed the Lion model:)

Task 3: Working with Github

This was a familiar task for me. Before going through the task I would first explain about git and github briefly at first. Where git is a software, github is like a library where the collection of all your work is stored. All the changes you have made in your work is saved and this a coder-friendly feature;)
This task majorly highlights on forking,push,pull,add and commit. The terms are explained here:
Forking means copying the repository you want to add your contributions in other terms make your changes. Later, in your command prompt you clone this ie you create your copy of this work in your local device. Now, you can make your changes. The cliche is the changes you have made in remote hasn't been uploaded to the local. In order to upload this you first add the change in your terminal. Then you commit the change you have made with a message. Here you are finalizing the change. Now it's the update time!!! You push your changes ie updating in the local.

Getting familiar with the command line on Ubuntu

Ubuntu is a popular Linux-based operating system (OS). In this task after installing the software in the system,following procedure was followed to finish the task.We use mkdir in ubuntu to create a folder. cd stands for change directory, which defines the flow of the code/process.Basically in the first half of the task using mkdir and cd we create the required number of folders and files. For the second half of the task we use cat to merge two files and touch command to create empty file. Result of this task is shown below:

Task 6: Working with Pandas and Matplotlib

Pandas and Matplotlib are two popular libraries in Python used extensively for data analysis and visualization. Pandas is a powerful open-source data analysis and manipulation library built on top of Python.Key features include data alignment, handling of missing data, merging and joining datasets etc.
Matplotlib is a comprehensive plotting library for Python designed for creating static, animated, and interactive visualizations.It allows users to create plots such as line plots, scatter plots, bar plots, histograms, pie charts, and more.Now using these 2 features this task was completed.First the libraries are declared.Then the data is feeded. Further the graph is plotted.This is shown in the figure below:

Task 7: Creating a Portfolio Website

In this task I learnt how to create a portfolio website using fundamentals of HTML,CSS and a bit of Java script. The portfolio consists, information about me, my interests, education, projects and social media handles. Insights from this task is presented below:


Click here to check out the files of this task which I used to make my portfolio website.

TASK 9: Tinkercad

In this task, I designed a simple circuit to estimate the distance between the ultrasonic sensor and the object.The components required are:
The connections made are as follows:

Ultrasonic Sensor Arduino UNO VCC 5v
TRIG Pin 8
ECHO Pin 9
GND GND
P.S: Here the Pins 8,9 & 3 are Digital PWM pins on the Arduino.
LCD (16x2) 12C Arduino UNO
VCC 5v
SDA Blank pin
SCL Blank pin
GND GND
Servo Motor Arduino UNO Ground GND
Power 5V
Signal Pin 3
The circuit looks as shown below: Working principle:
The term "ultrasonic" refers to frequencies higher than 20 kHz, which are inaudible to humans because they exceed the upper limit of the human hearing range. Ultrasonic sensors typically have two cylindrical components protruding outward: a transmitter (T) and a receiver (R). The transmitter emits ultrasonic sound waves, which interact with an object in front of the sensor and reflect back to the receiver. The distance between the ultrasonic sensor and the object is calculated based on the time it takes for the reflected ultrasonic wave to reach the receiver.

TASK 10: Speed Control of DC Motor

In this task we understand the control of DC motors using the L298N motor driver and the Arduino board. Using an UNO and H-Bridge L298N motor driver, control the speed of a 5V motor.
The components are:

The connectons are made as shown below:

Potentiometer Arduino UNO
Ground- GND
Power- 5v
Central pin- A0

L298N motor driver & Components
ENA: ~10 of Arduino UNO
IN1: 8th Digital pin of Arduino UNO
IN2: ~9 of Arduino UNO
GND: -ve of 9 v power supply
12V: +ve of 9 V power supply
Output 1:One terminal of DC motor
Output 2:2nd terminal of DC motor

Note: Here the ENA pin should be compulsorily connected to a PWM (~) pin of the Arduino

Working:
In this task I learnt about the speed of a DC motor can be controlled by changing its input voltage. A widely used technique to accomplish this is Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). PWM is a technique in which the average value of the input voltage is adjusted by sending a series of ON-OFF pulses. This average voltage is proportional to the width of the pulses, which is referred to as the Duty Cycle. The higher the duty cycle, the higher the average voltage applied to the DC motor, resulting in an increase in motor speed. The shorter the duty cycle, the lower the average voltage applied to the DC motor, resulting in a decrease in motor speed.The following are the shots of the working model.

Link for the working model:
https://youtu.be/anoMvMl6f74?feature=shared

TASK 11: LED Toggle Using ESP32

In this task we learn about the working of an ESP32 and create a standalone web server with an ESP32 that controls the LED connected with ESP32 GPIOs. The components required are listed below.

After feeding the required code into the ESP32 microcontroller enter the mobile hotspot credentials into the code & change the baud rate to 115200, later during the compilation of the code when you receive an IP address, paste the same into your browser and toggle the LED using the same website.
The below are the glimpse of this task.

Video LinK:
https://youtu.be/JBpuonoUpWM?feature=shared

TASK 12: Soldering Prerequisites

In this task I learnt about what soldering is? what is the use of it? It was a fun tasking seeing the hardware magic glowing in the LED bulb;)
Here, I soldered the wires with LED connections.Later confirmed the same by connecting to the battery.

The shots of this magic is displayed below:

TASK 13: 555 IC astable multivibrator with 60% duty cycle

In this task we design a 555 IC Multivibrator with 60% duty cycle.What does this mean? This means that the output signal is high (ON) for 60% of the total period and low (OFF) for the remaining 40% of the period.
For designing the connections, I used the following for reference:


The result I obtained was: