PROJECT :EXPLORING THE ESSENTIALS OF FLIGHT AND RF COMMUNICATIONS

Teammate Name	Role / Task	Branch	MARVEL DOMAIN & BATCH
Tejashree H N	Research , Documentation & Presentation	ECE '28	Aviation, Batch -7
Thanuja G R	Research , Documentation & Presentation	ECE '28	AIML, Batch -7

Radiomaster Transmitter Control Explanation

This document explains the primary flight controls used in multirotors (drones) or RC vehicles when operated through a Radiomaster Transmitter. Each stick on the transmitter corresponds to a specific movement depending on the mode (Mode 1 / Mode 2).
Below is the explanation assuming the most common configuration: Mode 2. The image of it

1. Throttle (Left Stick – Up/Down) Function: Controls the altitude or power of the motors.

Throttle Up: Increases motor speed → drone rises.
Throttle Down: Decreases motor speed → drone descends.
Use Case: Maintaining a stable hover, ascending, or landing.

1. Yaw (Left Stick – Left/Right) Function: Controls the rotation of the drone around its vertical axis.

Yaw Left: Drone rotates counterclockwise.
Yaw Right: Drone rotates clockwise.
Use Case: Changing the direction the drone is facing while hovering.

1. Pitch (Right Stick – Up/Down) Function: Controls the drone’s forward and backward tilt.

Pitch Forward: Drone moves forward.
Pitch Backward: Drone moves backward.
Use Case: Forward flight and reverse movement.

1. Roll (Right Stick – Left/Right) Function: Controls the drone’s side tilt.

Roll Left: Drone moves left.
Roll Right: Drone moves right.
Use Case: Left–right strafing, smooth turns, and balancing movement.

Additional Controls (Switches & Aux Channels)

Modern Radiomaster transmitters include multiple switches for additional functions:

AUX1 – ARM/DISARM Switch
ARM: Activates the motors (ready to fly).
DISARM: Stops motors immediately.
AUX2 – Flight Mode Selector
Angle Mode: Self-leveling, beginner friendly.
Horizon Mode: Allows flips with leveling assistance.
Acro Mode: Full manual control.
AUX3 – Buzzer Switch
Activates the “lost model alarm.”
AUX4 – Turtle Mode
Used in FPV quads to flip the drone upright after a crash.

Transmitter Calibration Notes

When configuring a Radiomaster transmitter:

Ensure all sticks read 1000–1500–2000 values in Betaflight/Ardupilot. Verify yaw is centered at 1500 when the stick is at rest. Ensure throttle minimum is around 1000 to avoid accidental motor spin.

Learning Takes Off: Hands-On Drone Simulator Experience for Students

We made the students use the Drone Simulator app, giving them a fun and interactive hands-on experience with real drone controls. This helped them understand the basics of flying while building confidence through practical learning.

Summary

Control	Stick Direction	Drone Movement
Throttle	Up/Down	Increase/Decrease altitude
Yaw	Left/Right	Rotate left/right
Pitch	Up/Down	Move forward/backward
Roll	Left/Right	Move left/right

RF FREQUENCIES AND PROTOCALS:

• 2.4 GHz offers reliable long-range communication.
• 5 GHz provides faster data transmission over shorter distances.
• We also examined a LoRaWAN network diagram, highlighting how IoT sensor networks enable seamless data exchange.
• The session concluded with a focus on ExpressLRS (ELRS), an open-source, low-latency RC link known for its affordability and high performance — a strong alternative to premium systems like Crossfire.