Jeevashree Srinivas
Task 1- LTspice and KiCad
Objective
Design and simulate a 555 timer-based astable multivibrator using LTspice to observe frequency and pulse width behavior. Use KiCad to create a schematic of an LED blinking circuit and design a PCB layout with proper footprints and routing. This task introduces simulation and PCB design fundamentals.
Outcome
I designed and simulated 555 timer astable and obtained the square pulse
LTspice
Kicad
Task 3 - Temperature and Humidity Detection(Embedded)
Objective
Use the LM35 analog temperature sensor to monitor ambient or localized heat (e.g., near a soldering iron). When temperature exceeds a threshold, turn on an LED using a BJT as a switch. In parallel, use the DHT11 digital sensor to read and display temperature and humidity on a 16x2 LCD.
LM35
- LM35 is a precision temperature sensor.
- It gives an analog output voltage proportional to the temperature in °C.
- It is manufactured by Texas Instruments.
- It is part of the LMxx series of analog sensors
- The sensor’s output voltage changes linearly with temperature.
- It produces 10 mV for every 1°C change.
- Example:
25°C → 250 mV output
30°C → 300 mV output
DHT11
DHT11 is a digital temperature and humidity sensor.
- It measures both temperature and relative humidity (RH).
- It provides a calibrated digital output (no need for analog-to-digital conversion).
- It is a low-cost and easy-to-use sensor, commonly used in weather stations and IoT projects.
- A capacitive humidity sensor to measure moisture in the air.
- A thermistor (temperature-sensitive resistor) to measure temperature.
- It has an 8-bit microcontroller inside to process data and send it as a digital signal.
Task 5 - Battery Capacity Measurement(Power Electronics)
Objective
Monitor the voltage of a Li-ion battery using analog input on Arduino. Use a MOSFET as a switch to disconnect the load when voltage drops below a safe threshold. Ensures safe battery operation and demonstrates basic battery protection logic.
Working Principle
- The Arduino reads the scaled battery voltage through A0.
- The code calculates the actual battery voltage using the voltage divider ratio.
- If the voltage is above the threshold (e.g., 3.0V), the MOSFET is ON, and the LED glows.
- If the voltage drops below the threshold, the MOSFET turns OFF, and the LED turns off, simulating battery protection.
Outcome
I did this task using Tinkercad. The circuit was simulated and tested successfully.
Open my Tinkercad
Task 6 - Battery Charging(Power Electronics)
Objective:
To charge a Li-ion battery using a solar panel and a solar charging module.
Components Used:
- Solar panel
- Li-ion battery
- Solar charging module (TP4056 or similar)
- Connecting wires
Outcome
Through this experiment, the practical implementation of solar-based charging was understood. It demonstrates how renewable energy can be used effectively to charge batteries and power small electronic devices.
Task 8 - Simple Electric Circuits Simulation on MATLAB(Power Electronics)
Objective
Learn the basics of Simulink in MATLAB by designing a simple RLC or transistor-based circuit. Simulate voltage, current, and frequency responses over time using virtual probes and scopes.
Circuit description
The circuit consists of a resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) connected in series to a voltage source. The RLC circuit is designed using Simulink blocks such as:
- Voltage Source (for AC input)
- Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor blocks (from Simscape Electrical library)
- Scope and Current Measurement blocks (to visualize waveforms)
Outcome
Understood how to design and simulate basic electrical circuits using MATLAB Simulink. Learned how to analyze voltage, current, and frequency responses using virtual scopes.
Task 11 - Buck Converter on LTspice (Power Electronics)
Objective
Design and simulate a DC-DC buck converter in LTspice. Observe input and output voltages, inductor current waveform, and switching frequency. Understand step-down conversion and efficiency aspects.
Outcome:
Understood the working principle of a DC-DC buck converter and how to simulate it in LTspice. Learned how switching and filtering affect output voltage and efficiency.
Task 12 - Wireless Charger Simulation on Tinkercad (Power Electronics)
Objective
Simulate inductive power transfer between a transmitter and receiver coil on Tinkercad using basic circuit blocks. Demonstrates wireless charging principles through virtual components and LED indication.
