Level 1 continuation

Task 8 - BLDC motor and hall effect sensor\n\n\nThe hall effect sensor is a type of magnetic sensor which can be used for detecting the strength and direction of a magnetic field produced from a permanent magnet or an electromagnet with its output varying in proportion to the strength of the magnetic field being detected.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n## Task 9 - Battery capacity measurement\n\nCircuit Steps:\n1. Connect the negative terminal of the lithium-ion battery to the drain of the MOSFET.\n2. Connect the source of the MOSFET to the ground (GND) of the Arduino.\n3. Connect the gate of the MOSFET to a digital pin of the Arduino.\n4. Connect a resistor (current sensing resistor) in series with the battery and MOSFET. Connect the voltage across this resistor to an analog pin of the Arduino for current measurement.\n5. Connect a known resistance (RLoad) in parallel with the battery to act as the load for discharge.\n6. Connect the other end of the RLoad resistor to another analog pin of the Arduino to measure the voltage drop across it (voltage measurement).\n7. Write Arduino code to control the MOSFET gate and measure the voltage drop across the current sensing resistor and the load resistor. Use the time taken for discharge and the measured current to calculate the battery capacity.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n## Task 10: Battery Charging\n\n\n\n1. Module Connection:\n Connect the battery charging module to your Li-ion battery. The module typically has a connector for the battery. Ensure you connect the positive (usually marked as +") and negative ("-") terminals correctly.\n\n2. Input Power Connection:\n Connect the input power source (e.g., USB power supply) to the module. Most Li-ion charging modules use a micro USB port for input. Plug in the micro USB cable into the module and connect it to the power source.\n\n\n
\n---\n\n\n## Task 11 - Understanding 555 Timer And LDR\n\n---\n
\n\nAn astable multivibrator is a commonly used configuration of the 555 timer IC that generates a continuous square wave output signal. This circuit is often referred to as an oscillator because it produces a continuous alternating output without any external triggering. \n\n
\n\n\n\n\nMaterials You'll Need:\n
\n\n\n1. 555 timer IC\n2. Two resistors (R1 and R2)\n3. One capacitor (C1)\n4. Power supply (Vcc)\n5. Breadboard and jumper wires\n6. LED (optional for visual indication)\n7. Optional: Potentiometer (for variable frequency)\n---\n
\n\nVideo of 555 timer experiment\n\n\nCircuit diagram using Lt Spice\n\n\n\n## Task 12 - Solar panel\n\n\nSteps for set up a Solar panel\n\n\n -1.Place the photodiodes on the breadboard. Make sure they are\n positioned to receive maximum light.\n\n \n\n -2.Connect the anode (usually the longer lead) of each photodiode to\n one row on the breadboard.\n\n \n\n -3.Connect the cathode (usually the shorter lead) of each photodiode\n to another row on the breadboard.\n\n\n\n\n## Task 13 - \tSolar tracker\n\n\nLink to the woking of a solar panel\n\n\n"