Datasheet Report: L293D Motor Driver
Introduction
The L293D is a quadruple high-current half-H driver designed to control the direction and speed of DC motors, stepper motors, and other inductive loads. This motor driver is suitable for robotics, automation, and other applications that require the driving of motors.
This report outlines the key specifications, features, applications, and performance characteristics of the L293D motor driver.
Basic Description
The L293D is a +H-bridge motor driver that can control two DC motors or a single stepper motor simultaneously. It allows for full control of motor direction and it's speed. It operates over a wide voltage range of from 4.5V to 36V, making it versatile for a variety of motor control applications.
Key Features
- Dual H-Bridge Configuration: Drives two DC motors or a single stepper motor with independent control over direction and speed.
- Thermal Shutdown: Provides built-in thermal protection, ensuring safe operation during high-current conditions.
- Current Limiting: Limits the current to prevent damage from overloading.
- Built-in Diodes for Back EMF Protection: Protects the driver from inductive voltage spikes generated by motors.
- High Current Output: Can handle up to 600mA per channel continuously, with 1.2A peak current.
- Wide Operating Voltage: Works with supply voltages between 4.5V and 36V.
Pin Configuration
Here is the pinout for the L293D:
| Pin Number | Pin Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Input 1 (IN1) | Control input for motor 1 direction |
| 2 | Input 2 (IN2) | Control input for motor 1 direction |
| 3 | Output 1 (OUT1) | Motor 1 output terminal |
| 4 | Ground (GND) | Ground pin |
| 5 | Output 2 (OUT2) | Motor 1 output terminal |
| 6 | Ground (GND) | Ground pin |
| 7 | VCC | Power supply input |
| 8 | Output 3 (OUT3) | Motor 2 output terminal |
| 9 | Ground (GND) | Ground pin |
| 10 | Output 4 (OUT4) | Motor 2 output terminal |
| 11 | Input 3 (IN3) | Control input for motor 2 direction |
| 12 | Input 4 (IN4) | Control input for motor 2 direction |
| 13 | Enable 1 (EN1) | Enable pin for motor 1 |
| 14 | Enable 2 (EN2) | Enable pin for motor 2 |
Circuit Diagram
Electrical Specifications
- Operating Voltage (Vcc): 4.5V to 36V
- Logic Voltage (Vss): 5V
- Continuous Output Current: 600mA per channel
- Peak Output Current: 1.2A per channel
- Total Power Dissipation: 2W (typical)
- Quiescent Current: 20mA (typical)
Applications
The L293D is used in a wide range of applications, including but not limited to:
- Robotics: For controlling the motors of robotic systems.
- Automated Systems: In conveyor belts, automated assembly lines, or other industrial systems.
- DC Motor Control: Controlling the direction and speed of DC motors.
- Stepper Motors: Used for precision motor control in stepper applications.
- Home Automation: Can be used to control motors in systems such as window blinds, automated doors, etc.